What is the single American species known as the marsh hawk?

The marsh hawk is commonly known as the Northern harrier (Circus cyaneus). This bird is characterized by its unique hunting style, flying low over fields and marshes, and its distinct physical traits, such as a long tail and a facial disc, which is more pronounced in females. The Northern harrier’s habitat preference for marshy areas contributes to its common name, highlighting its association with wetland environments.

In contrast, the other species listed have different habitats and behaviors; the peregrine falcon is known for its incredible speed and preference for urban areas or high cliffs; the grey hawk is typically found in woodlands and shrublands, primarily in Central and South America; and the red-tailed hawk is a versatile bird that inhabits a variety of environments, including open fields and forests. Each of these hawks has distinct characteristics and ecological roles, but they do not share the specific association with marshes that defines the Northern harrier.