In which species of longwing is there sexual dimorphism in coloration and pattern?

Sexual dimorphism in coloration and pattern refers to the differences in appearance between males and females of a species. In the case of the American Kestrel, males and females exhibit distinct differences. Male American Kestrels typically have more vibrant plumage, featuring bright blue wings and a rust-colored back, while females have a more subdued coloration, characterized by a mottled brown and gray appearance. This type of dimorphism is crucial for various reasons, including mating displays and species identification, helping both predators and prey distinguish between genders.

The other species mentioned do not display the same level of sexual dimorphism in coloration and pattern as seen in the Kestrel. For instance, Peregrine Falcons, Gyrfalcons, and Merlins have males and females that are more similar in general coloration, making it harder to visually differentiate between the sexes based on their plumage alone. In those species, size may be one of the few distinguishing features; however, it’s not as pronounced or visually striking as the coloration seen in Kestrels. Thus, the Kestrel is the species in which sexual dimorphism is particularly evident.